The monument was founded in the 1930s during the French Protectorate by Marshal Lyautey, the French resident in Morocco, to serve as a place of worship for Christians living in Morocco. It was the French architect Paul Tournan who led the work on the cathedral (which lasted 25 years). Today, it is considered one of the most important and beautiful heritage churches in the country.
A specialist in religious buildings, Paul Tournon wanted the structure to be made of concrete, as this was a typical technique of the late 19th century, later spread by Le Corbusier.